Is our world view influenced by the languages that we speak?

The question of whether languages shape the way we think goes back centuries; Charlemagne proclaimed that "to have a second language is to have a second soul."

Do the languages we speak shape the way we think? Do they merely express thoughts, or do the structures in languages (without our knowledge or consent) shape the very thoughts we wish to express? 

The Wall Street Journal's lifestyle section has a fascinating article on this topic.